{"id":1121,"date":"2018-11-28T09:12:41","date_gmt":"2018-11-28T09:12:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/artrosorg2\/www-artros-org-37\/?page_id=660"},"modified":"2026-04-16T12:12:27","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T12:12:27","slug":"slemsacksinflammation-i-kna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jointacademy.com\/se\/sv\/fakta\/diagnos\/slemsacksinflammation-i-kna\/","title":{"rendered":"Slems\u00e4cksinflammation i kn\u00e4t"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Slems\u00e4ckar eller bursor, \u00e4r sm\u00e5 v\u00e4tskefyllda s\u00e4ckar som sitter runt leder, muskler och senor. Deras uppgift \u00e4r bland annat att skydda lederna och agera st\u00f6td\u00e4mpare mellan skelett, leder, senor och muskler vid belastning. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

I kroppen finns det cirka 150 slems\u00e4ckar. Vid \u00f6verbelastning eller om leden uts\u00e4tts f\u00f6r ett kraftigt slag, kan en eller flera bli irriterade och inflammerade. Detta tillst\u00e5nd kallas f\u00f6r slems\u00e4cksinflammation eller bursit, och uppst\u00e5r oftast i kn\u00e4na, h\u00f6fterna<\/a>, armb\u00e5garna eller axlarna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orsaker till slems\u00e4cksinflammation i kn\u00e4t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bursit i kn\u00e4t orsakas f\u00f6r det mesta av att kn\u00e4t har \u00f6verbelastas eller slems\u00e4ckarna har utsatts f\u00f6r tryck under en l\u00e4ngre period. Slems\u00e4ckarna b\u00f6rjar d\u00e5 producera mer v\u00e4tska och svullnar upp. Inom vissa sporter, som till exempel l\u00f6ptr\u00e4ning, \u00e4r det vanligare att utveckla slems\u00e4cksinflammation i kn\u00e4t.  \u00c4ven kontaktsporter, s\u00e5som fotboll, kan bidra till slems\u00e4cksinflammation om leden uts\u00e4tts f\u00f6r ett kraftigt slag. Individer som arbetar inom yrken d\u00e4r det kr\u00e4vs att man st\u00e5r p\u00e5 kn\u00e4 mycket, kan ocks\u00e5 f\u00e5 en inflammation i slems\u00e4ckarna. Man ser till exempel ofta slems\u00e4cksinflammation hos r\u00f6rmokare, mattl\u00e4ggare och tr\u00e4dg\u00e5rdsarbetare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En bakterieinfektion i slems\u00e4cken kan ocks\u00e5 uppst\u00e5, \u00e4ven om det \u00e4r ovanligt. Detta kan h\u00e4nda om man till exempel f\u00e5tt ett insektsbett eller ett s\u00e5r som gjort att bakterier har tr\u00e4ngt in i slems\u00e4cken i kn\u00e4leden. En s\u00e5dan infektion kallas f\u00f6r bakteriell bursit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Den som drabbats av kn\u00e4artros<\/a>, reumatoid artrit eller gikt l\u00f6per st\u00f6rre risk att f\u00e5 en inflammation i en av slems\u00e4ckarna i kn\u00e4t eftersom man redan har en ben\u00e4genhet f\u00f6r inflammation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inflammation i kn\u00e4ts muskelf\u00e4ste<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Inflammation i kn\u00e4ts muskelf\u00e4ste, \u00e4ven kallad entesit, uppst\u00e5r d\u00e4r senor och muskler f\u00e4ster vid skelettet runt kn\u00e4leden. Vanliga drabbade f\u00e4sten \u00e4r quadricepssenans f\u00e4ste ovanf\u00f6r kn\u00e4sk\u00e5len och patellarsenans f\u00e4ste nedanf\u00f6r. Tillst\u00e5ndet orsakas ofta av \u00f6verbelastning vid tr\u00e4ning eller upprepade r\u00f6relser och ger sm\u00e4rta vid belastning av kn\u00e4t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Symtom p\u00e5 slems\u00e4cksinflammation i kn\u00e4t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

I kn\u00e4t finns fyra slems\u00e4ckar men det \u00e4r vanligast att slems\u00e4cken ovanp\u00e5 kn\u00e4sk\u00e5len och den p\u00e5 insidan av kn\u00e4t inflammeras. Vanliga symtom \u00e4r uttalad svullnad, rodnad och \u00f6mhet. Omr\u00e5det runt den slems\u00e4ck som \u00e4r inflammerad kan \u00e4ven g\u00f6ra ont vid ber\u00f6ring eller l\u00e4ttare tryck. Det kan ocks\u00e5 k\u00e4nnas varmt. Man kan ha ont b\u00e5de vid anstr\u00e4ngning och i vila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Har inflammationen i slems\u00e4cken orsakats av en infektion, kan man \u00e4ven f\u00e5 feber. Har man feber i samband med en slems\u00e4cksinflammation b\u00f6r man s\u00f6ka v\u00e5rd direkt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slems\u00e4cksinflammation (bursit) vs Muskelf\u00e4steinflammation (entesit)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/th>Slems\u00e4cksinflammation (bursit)<\/th>Muskelf\u00e4steinflammation (entesit)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Plats<\/strong><\/td>I slems\u00e4cken runt leden<\/td>D\u00e4r senan f\u00e4ster vid skelettet<\/td><\/tr>
Vanlig orsak<\/strong><\/td>Tryck, slag eller \u00f6verbelastning<\/td>Upprepade r\u00f6relser, \u00f6vertr\u00e4ning<\/td><\/tr>
Svullnad<\/strong><\/td>Ofta synlig, lokaliserad<\/td>S\u00e4llan synlig svullnad<\/td><\/tr>
Sm\u00e4rta<\/strong><\/td>Vid ber\u00f6ring och vila<\/td>Framf\u00f6rallt vid belastning<\/td><\/tr>
Vanligast hos<\/strong><\/td>R\u00f6rmokare, mattl\u00e4ggare, kontaktsporter<\/td>L\u00f6pare, hoppare, aktiva inom sport<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

S\u00e5 st\u00e4lls diagnosen<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Om kn\u00e4t svullnar upp eller g\u00f6r ont, \u00e4r det bra att v\u00e4nda sig till sin v\u00e5rdcentral f\u00f6r att f\u00e5 en korrekt diagnos. Detta f\u00f6r att kunna p\u00e5b\u00f6rja r\u00e4tt sorts behandling. En slems\u00e4cksinflammation i kn\u00e4t diagnostiseras av en l\u00e4kare vid en klinisk unders\u00f6kning. Synlig svullnad och rodnad lokaliserad till slems\u00e4cken \u00e4r klassiska tecken p\u00e5 bursit. L\u00e4karen fastst\u00e4ller diagnosen baserat p\u00e5 symtom tillsammans med eventuella riskfaktorer.

Misst\u00e4nker l\u00e4karen bakteriell bursit, g\u00f6rs ofta en aspiration f\u00f6r att unders\u00f6ka v\u00e4tskan. En aspiration inneb\u00e4r att l\u00e4karen punkterar slems\u00e4cken och extraherar v\u00e4tska ur den. Man brukar dock f\u00f6rst ta ett s\u00e5 kallat CRP-test (C-Reaktivt Protein) p\u00e5 patienten f\u00f6r att m\u00e4ta niv\u00e5n av infektion i kroppen. Detta g\u00f6rs genom ett enkelt stick i fingret. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Om os\u00e4kerhet r\u00e5der king diagnosen kan man ibland beh\u00f6va r\u00f6ntga kn\u00e4t f\u00f6r att utesluta att svullnaden beror p\u00e5 en skelett- eller mjukdelsskada. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bursit eller bakercysta?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ibland kan man f\u00f6rv\u00e4xla en slems\u00e4cksinflammation i baksidan av kn\u00e4t med en Bakercysta. B\u00e5da tillst\u00e5nden uppst\u00e5r i slems\u00e4cken och orsakar sm\u00e4rta och svullnad i kn\u00e4vecket. Den st\u00f6rsta skillnaden mellan bursit och en Bakercysta \u00e4r att bursit beror p\u00e5 att sj\u00e4lva slems\u00e4cken b\u00f6rjar producera mer v\u00e4tska. En Bakercysta beror ist\u00e4llet p\u00e5 att kn\u00e4leden producerat f\u00f6r mycket ledv\u00e4tska som sedan fyller slems\u00e4cken. Bakercystor drabbar oftast individer med artros<\/a>, gikt eller reumatoid artrit men kan ocks\u00e5 uppst\u00e5 till f\u00f6ljd av en menisk- eller korsbandsskada. Bakercystor yttrar sig som en kn\u00f6l bakom kn\u00e4t. Kn\u00f6len kan variera i storlek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Om cystan spricker kan svullnad \u00e4ven uppst\u00e5 i vaden. Detta \u00e4r dock v\u00e4ldigt ovanligt. Om vaden svullnar upp och g\u00f6r ont \u00e4r det viktigt att man s\u00f6ker upps\u00f6ker v\u00e5rdcentral eller sjukhus. En vanlig men allvarlig orsak till svullnad i vaden \u00e4r att man har f\u00e5tt en blodpropp i benet vilket kr\u00e4ver omedelbar v\u00e5rd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Behandling av slems\u00e4cksinflammation i kn\u00e4t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Om man blivit svullen i en led kan man f\u00f6rst prova att komprimera leden med en gasbinda eller en st\u00f6dstrumpa. En annan metod \u00e4r att kyla svullnaden med is. Om slems\u00e4cksinflammationen beror p\u00e5 \u00f6verbelastning eller l\u00e5ngvarigt tryck b\u00f6r man f\u00f6rs\u00f6ka undvika eller minska den belastning som lett till inflammationen tills svullnaden g\u00e5tt ner. En slems\u00e4cksinflammation l\u00e4ker oftast av sig sj\u00e4lv efter ett par veckor. Har man ett arbete d\u00e4r man st\u00e5r mycket p\u00e5 kn\u00e4, kan man anv\u00e4nda skyddskuddar p\u00e5 kn\u00e4na medan man arbetar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En fysioterapeut kan tillhandah\u00e5lla \u00f6vningar som kan hj\u00e4lpa till att st\u00e4rka musklerna kring kn\u00e4t f\u00f6r att undvika att drabbas av \u00e4nnu en slems\u00e4cksinflammation. Har man mycket ont eller om kn\u00e4t \u00e4r v\u00e4ldigt svullet, kan man under korta perioder behandla med receptfria antiinflammatoriska l\u00e4kemedel. Om varken minskad belastning, fysioterapi eller antiinflammatoriska l\u00e4kemedel hj\u00e4lper mot sm\u00e4rtan och svullnaden, kan man lindra tillst\u00e5ndet med en kortisonspruta. Kortisoninjektioner ska alltid utf\u00f6ras av en l\u00e4kare med erfarenhet av att ge injektioner. Vid l\u00e5ngvarig bursit kan en ortoped operera bort slems\u00e4cken som en sista utv\u00e4g. Detta \u00e4r dock ovanligt eftersom de flesta patienter svarar p\u00e5 mindre invasiva behandlingsmetoder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vid bakteriell bursit kan slems\u00e4cken beh\u00f6va t\u00f6mmas p\u00e5 v\u00e4tska. Oftast f\u00e5r man ocks\u00e5 genomg\u00e5 en antibiotikakur f\u00f6r att behandla infektionen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Slems\u00e4ckar eller bursor, \u00e4r sm\u00e5 v\u00e4tskefyllda s\u00e4ckar som sitter runt leder, muskler och senor. Deras uppgift \u00e4r bland annat att skydda lederna och agera st\u00f6td\u00e4mpare mellan skelett, leder, senor och muskler vid belastning. I kroppen finns det cirka 150 slems\u00e4ckar. Vid \u00f6verbelastning eller om leden uts\u00e4tts f\u00f6r ett kraftigt slag, kan en eller flera bli […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1423,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diagnos"],"yoast_head":"\nSlems\u00e4cksinflammation (bursit) i kn\u00e4t | Joint Academy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Slems\u00e4cksinflammation i kn\u00e4t (bursit) kan uppst\u00e5 vid \u00f6verbelastning eller om kn\u00e4leden uts\u00e4tts f\u00f6r l\u00e5ngvarigt tryck eller ett kraftigt slag.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jointacademy.com\/se\/sv\/fakta\/diagnos\/slemsacksinflammation-i-kna\/\" 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